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Organisms are given a 'genus species' name, a two-word name based on an outstanding characteristic of that organism Canis lupus is the genus species name of the wolf, so named because of the loping movement observed when the wolf runs. This two-word naming system is called:

a. A dichotomous key developed by Carl von Richthofen
b. Taxonomic gradualism developed by JB Lamarck
c. Binary fission developed by Ernst Haeckel
d. Binomial nomenclature developed by Carolus Linnaeus