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Answer:
The kinetic energy before the collision was 8 J
Explanation:
The given parameters are;
The mass of the metal ball at rest, m₁ = 3.0 kg
The velocity of the ball at rest = 0 m/s
The mass of the metal ball that hits the one at rest, m₂ = 1.0 kg
The velocity of the metal ball that hits the one at rest, v₂ = 4.0 m/s
The velocity with which the 3.0 kg ball moves forward = 2.0 m/s
The velocity with which the 1.0 kg ball bounces back = 2.0 m/s
a) Kinetic energy, K.E. = 1/2 × m × v²
Where;
m = The mass of the of the object in motion
v = The velocity of the object
Before the collision, we have;
Initial K.E. = 1/2 × m₁ × v₁² + 1/2 × m₂ × v₂²
∴ Initial K.E. = 1/2 × 3.0 kg × (0 m/s)² + 1/2 × 1.0 kg × (4.0 m/s) ² = 8 J
The kinetic energy before the collision = The initial K.E. = 8 J.