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Answer:
1. Volume of stock required = 15 mL
Volume of water required = 485 mL
2. Volume of stock required = 5 mL
Volume of water required = 495 mL
3. Volume of stock required = 5.30 mL
Volume of water required = 494.70 mL
4. Volume of stock required = 50 mL
Volume of water required = 450 mL
Explanation:
Using the dilution formula C₁V₁ = C₂V₂
Where C₁ = initial concentration; C₂ = final concentration; V₁ = initial volume; V₂ = final volume
1. C₁ = 5 M NaCl, C₂ = 150 mM NaCl = 0.15 M NaCl
V₁ = ?; V₂ = 500 mL
V₁ = C₂V₂/C₁
V₁ = 0.15 × 500/ 5 = 15 mL
Volume of stock required = 15 mL
Volume of water required = 500 mL - 15 mL
Volume of water required = 485 mL
2. C₁ = 1 M Tris-HCl, C₂ = 50 mM Tris-HCl = 0.05 M Tris-HCl
V₁ = ?; V₂ = 500 mL
V₁ = C₂V₂/C₁
V₁ = 0.05 × 500/ 5 = 5 mL
Volume of stock required = 5 mL
Volume of water required = 500 mL - 5 mL
Volume of water required = 495 mL
3. C₁ = 95% NP-40, C₂ = 1% NP-40
V₁ = ?; V₂ = 500 mL
V₁ = C₂V₂/C₁
V₁ = 1 × 500/ 95 = 5.30 mL
Volume of stock required = 5.30 mL
Volume of water required = 500 mL - 5.30 mL
Volume of water required = 494.70 mL
4. C₁ = 1% SDS, C₂ = 10% SDS
V₁ = ?; V₂ = 500 mL
V₁ = C₂V₂/C₁
V₁ = 1 × 500/ 10 = 50 mL
Volume of stock required = 50 mL
Volume of water required = 500 mL - 50 mL
Volume of water required = 450 mL