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In order to develop antibiotics, scientists need to understand how bacteria grow and reproduce. One factor that is essential for bacterial growth and reproduction is protein synthesis. By understanding how bacteria synthesize proteins, scientists can then attempt to develop antibiotics that block bacterial protein synthesis during an infection.
Which of the following questions will best direct an investigation on how to develop an antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria?
A. How can the formation of covalent bonds between amino acids be blocked?
B. How can the formation of hydrogen bonds between amino acids be blocked?
C. How can the phosphate end of the growing polypeptide chain be blocked?
D. How can the hydroxyl end of the growing polypeptide chain be blocked?

Sagot :

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Answer:

A. How can the formation of covalent bonds between amino acids be blocked?

Explanation:

An antibiotic is any chemical substance that is active against certain bacteria. The majority of antibiotics that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis act by targeting the two subunits (30S and 50S) of the bacterial ribosomes, thereby stopping translation. The bond that binds two different amino acids is a covalent peptide bond produced when the carboxyl group of one amino acid residue reacts with the amino group of another amino acid to form a bond. Thus, amino acid residues are linked by peptide bonds at the carboxyl-terminus (C-terminus) of the growing polypeptide, and therefore when this binding is blocked, protein synthesis cannot progress.

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A question that may direct antibiotic research is "How can the formation of covalent bonds between amino acids be blocked?"

Bacterial protein synthesis

The ribosome of a representative bacterium, Escherichia coli, has a coefficient of 70S sedimentation and consists of a 30S and a 50S subunit. THE 30S subunit contains a piece of the rRNA molecule with 16S and 21 proteins different, while the 50S subunit contains two pieces of rRNA, rRNA with 23S and rRNA with 5S and 34 different proteins.

With this information, we can conclude that the inhibitors of protein synthesis block the translation process at different stages.

Learn more about Bacterial protein in https://brainly.com/question/6993467

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