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Answer: The molarity of each of the given solutions is:
(a) 1.38 M
(b) 0.94 M
(c) 1.182 M
Explanation:
Molarity is the number of moles of a substance present in liter of a solution.
And, moles is the mass of a substance divided by its molar mass.
(a) Moles of ethanol (molar mass = 46 g/mol) is as follows.
[tex]Moles = \frac{mass}{molar mass}\\= \frac{28.5 g}{46 g/mol}\\= 0.619 mol[/tex]
Now, molarity of ethanol solution is as follows.
[tex]Molarity = \frac{moles}{Volume (in L)}\\= \frac{0.619 mol}{4.50 \times 10^{2} \times 10^{-3}L}\\= 1.38 M[/tex]
(b) Moles of sucrose (molar mass = 342.3 g/mol) is as follows.
[tex]Moles = \frac{mass}{molar mass}\\= \frac{21.6 g}{342.3 g/mol}\\= 0.063 mol[/tex]
Now, molarity of sucrose solution is as follows.
[tex]Molarity = \frac{moles}{Volume (in L)}\\= \frac{0.063 mol}{0.067 L} (1 mL = 0.001 L)\\= 0.94 M[/tex]
(c) Moles of sodium chloride (molar mass = 58.44 g/mol) are as follows.
[tex]Moles = \frac{mass}{molar mass}\\= \frac{6.65 g}{58.44 g/mol}\\= 0.114 mol[/tex]
Now, molarity of sodium chloride solution is as follows.
[tex]Molarity = \frac{moles}{Volume (in L)}\\= \frac{0.114 mol}{0.0962 L}\\= 1.182 M[/tex]
Thus, we can conclude that the molarity of each of the given solutions is:
(a) 1.38 M
(b) 0.94 M
(c) 1.182 M
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