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The scientist puts fertilizer on row 1 but not in row 2 and then subject both rows to the same conditions. The corn without the fertilizer is acting as the control group of the experiment.
The control group in an experiment represents a group that does not receive the independent variable treatment. The group forms the baseline for the comparison of dependent variable data.
In this case, the independent variable treatment is the application of fertilizer. Row 1 represents the treatment group while row 2 represents the control group.
More on controlled experiment can be found here: https://brainly.com/question/4083847