(a) The equivalent resistance of the circuit is 9 Ω.
(b) The current through each resistor is 2A.
(c) The potential drop across each resistor is V₁ =8V = V₃ and V₂ =2 V.
(d) The power dissipated by each resistor is P₁ =P₃ =16W and P₂ = 4 W.
(e) The power supplied by the battery is 36W.
What is equivalent resistance?
The resistances when connected in series has the equivalent resistance equal to the sum of all the individual resistances.
(a) In the given circuit, the equivalent resistance is
Req= R₁ + R₂ + R₃
Req = 4 + 1 + 4
Req= 9 Ω
The equivalent resistance is 9 Ω.
b) The current through each resistor will be same
I= V/R = 18/9= 2 A
c) The potential drop across each resistor.
V₁= IxR₁ = 2x 4 =8Volts = V₃
V₂ = IR₂ =2x1 =2 Volts
(d) The power dissipated by each resistor
P₁ =P₃ = V₁²/R₁
= 8² / 4 =16 Watt
and P₂ = V₂²/R₂
P₂ = 2²/1 = 4 Watt
(e) The power supplied by the battery.
P = I² x Req
P = 2² x 9
P = 36 Watt
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