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Elena is not correct in the two situations.
Effective annual rate is the interest rate when the effects of compounding is taken account for. In order to determine if Elena is correct, the effective annual rate has to be calculated.
Effective annual rate = (1 + APR / m ) ^m - 1
M = number of compounding
(1 + 0.12 / 12)^12 - 1 = 12.68%
(1 + 0.12 / 2)^2 - 1 = 12.36%
To learn more about the effective annual rate, please check: https://brainly.com/question/4064975