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Consider the entropy change in the following chemical or physical processes:
1.2 Na(s) + Cl₂(g) → 2 NaCl(s)
2. N₂(g) + 3 H₂(g) → 2 NH3(g)
3. H₂O(s)→ H₂O(l)
4. C10H22(1)→ C10H22(S)
5.2 Mg(s) + O₂(g) → 2 MgO(s)
In which of these processes is entropy increased?

Consider The Entropy Change In The Following Chemical Or Physical Processes 12 Nas Clg 2 NaCls 2 Ng 3 Hg 2 NH3g 3 HOs HOl 4 C10H221 C10H22S 52 Mgs Og 2 MgOs In class=

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Answer:

D

Explanation:

Recall that entropy measures the number of microstates in a substance, which is highest in gases, followed by liquids and solids. Hence, entropy increases if the products have more gaseous molecules than the reactants.

  • In reaction one, chlorine gas is converted into solid NaCl, so entropy decreaes.
  • In reaction two, four moles of gas are converted into two moles of gas, so entropy decreases.
  • In reaction three, ice is melted to form water, which has higher entropy. Thus, entropy increases.
  • In reaction four, a liquid is freezed into its solid phase, leading to a decrease in entropy.
  • In reaction five, oxygen gas is converted into solid MgO, so entropy decreases.

In conclusion, the answer is D.  

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