"E. coli bacteria get onto produce via contact with infected fecal matter. The bacteria multiply in soil and around roots but survival is reduced following extended exposure on plant surfaces. In order to minimize the chance of contamination, manure application must conclude 90 – 120 days prior to harvesting. Uprooting plants should be avoided, and equipment should be disinfected after processing young plants."

The author’s purpose is to explain to farmers how to grow unspoiled lettuce. How did that goal shape the content and delivery of the passage?


The author uses a hook to get the reader’s attention and then addresses the reader directly to keep it.


The author describes safety guidelines in precise terms so farmers can follow them without confusion.


The author puts the spread of germs into a historical context to help persuade farmers to take action.


The author used active second person pronouns and vivid descriptions to make the advice more interesting.