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The density of the metal sphere is 2 times the density of the liquid as proved.
The net upward force acting on the sphere as it is dropped into the liquid is calculated as follows;
F = σVg - ρVg
ma = σVg - ρVg
where;
σV(a) = σVg - ρVg
σ(a) = σg - ρg
σ(g/2) = σg - ρg
g(σ/2) = g(σ - ρ)
σ/2 = σ - ρ
σ/2 - σ = - ρ
-σ/2 = - ρ
σ = 2ρ
Thus, the density of the metal sphere is 2 times the density of the liquid as proved.
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