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1. Derive the half-angle formulas from the double
angle formulas.
2. Provide the formulas to convert between polar and
rectangular forms.
3. Convert one point from rectangular to polar and
another point from polar to rectangular.
4. Convert a rectangular equation to polar (rectangular
equation must contain squared x and y variables as
well as x and y variables raised to a single power)
and a polar equation to rectangular (polar equation
must contain an rand a ¦ (theta)).

Sagot :

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1) cos (θ / 2) = √[(1 + cos θ) / 2], sin (θ / 2) = √[(1 - cos θ) / 2], tan (θ / 2) = √[(1 - cos θ) / (1 + cos θ)]

2) (x, y) → (r · cos θ, r · sin θ), where r = √(x² + y²).

3) The point (x, y) = (2, 3) is equivalent to the point (r, θ) = (√13, 56.309°). The point (r, θ) = (4, 30°) is equivalent to the point (x, y) = (2√3, 2).

4) The linear function y = 5 · x - 8 is equivalent to the function r = - 8 / (sin θ - 5 · cos θ).

How to apply trigonometry on deriving formulas and transforming points

1) The following trigonometric formulae are used to derive the half-angle formulas:

sin² θ / 2 + cos² θ / 2 = 1                      (1)

cos θ = cos² (θ / 2) - sin² (θ / 2)           (2)

First, we derive the formula for the sine of a half angle:

cos θ = 2 · cos² (θ / 2) - 1

cos² (θ / 2) = (1 + cos θ) / 2

cos (θ / 2) = √[(1 + cos θ) / 2]

Second, we derive the formula for the cosine of a half angle:

cos θ = 1 - 2 · sin² (θ / 2)

2 · sin² (θ / 2) = 1 - cos θ

sin² (θ / 2) = (1 - cos θ) / 2

sin (θ / 2) = √[(1 - cos θ) / 2]

Third, we derive the formula for the tangent of a half angle:

tan (θ / 2) = sin (θ / 2) / cos (θ / 2)

tan (θ / 2) = √[(1 - cos θ) / (1 + cos θ)]

2) The formulae for the conversion of coordinates in rectangular form to polar form are obtained by trigonometric functions:

(x, y) → (r · cos θ, r · sin θ), where r = √(x² + y²).

3) Let be the point (x, y) = (2, 3), the coordinates in polar form are:

r = √(2² + 3²)

r = √13

θ = atan(3 / 2)

θ ≈ 56.309°

The point (x, y) = (2, 3) is equivalent to the point (r, θ) = (√13, 56.309°).

Let be the point (r, θ) = (4, 30°), the coordinates in rectangular form are:

(x, y) = (4 · cos 30°, 4 · sin 30°)

(x, y) = (2√3, 2)

The point (r, θ) = (4, 30°) is equivalent to the point (x, y) = (2√3, 2).

4) Let be the linear function y = 5 · x - 8, we proceed to use the following substitution formulas: x = r · cos θ, y = r · sin θ

r · sin θ = 5 · r · cos θ - 8

r · sin θ - 5 · r · cos θ = - 8

r · (sin θ - 5 · cos θ) = - 8

r = - 8 / (sin θ - 5 · cos θ)

The linear function y = 5 · x - 8 is equivalent to the function r = - 8 / (sin θ - 5 · cos θ).

To learn more on trigonometric expressions: https://brainly.com/question/14746686

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