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The complex of DNA and protein that makes up a eukaryotic chromosome is properly called chromatin.
What is the structure and function of chromatin?
- Eukaryotic cells nuclei include a combination of macromolecules called chromatin, which is made up of DNA, RNA, and protein.
- Heterochromatin (condensed) and euchromatin are the two types of chromatin (extended).
- The main proteins that make up chromatin are termed histones, which act as bases for the DNA to wrap around to form the "bead-like" structures known as nucleosomes.
- A nucleosome is made up of 147 base pairs of DNA wrapped around an octomer, which is a collection of 8 histones.
- The chromatin fibre can be created by further folding the nucleosome.
- To create chromosomes, chromatin fibres are coiling and condensing.
- Numerous cellular functions, including DNA replication, transcription, DNA repair, genetic recombination, and cell division, are made possible by chromatin.
Learn more about chromatin here:
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