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How does biological catalysts operate? Discuss an example of a mechanism that can modulate the chemical reaction to go up or down depending on the prevailing conditions.

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Enzymes, which are proteins that catalyst every chemical process that occurs in a live cell of any animal, are referred to as "biocatalysts."

Enzymes speed up the rate of chemical processes by lowering the activation energy but at a higher turnover rate than inorganic catalysts. Many biocatalysts function similarly to the one shown in the figure below. By momentarily connecting with the reactants, the biocatalyst combines them. As a result, the reactants can react with each other more readily and quickly as a result.

Conversion of glucose into ethyl alcohol is one such example. Ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide are produced when the enzyme zymase breaks down glucose.

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