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One of the most common infections in the world is the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Globally, 8.2 million people are believed to be HIV-positive, with 37.7 million of those infections occurring in South Africa.
The highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) combines multiple antiretroviral medication types based on the viral load of the infected person. HAART assists in controlling the viral load and prevents the onset of acquired immune deficiency syndrome from the accompanying symptoms (AIDS). The use of HAART causes metabolic syndrome through an inflammatory pathway, excessive formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial dysfunction, notwithstanding its success in extending the lives of HIV-infected patients. Additionally, SP is a powerful antioxidant with demonstrated immunological, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-diabetic properties.
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