In humans, pancreatic cells synthesize the protein insulin in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes have immune systems that mistakenly attack their pancreatic cells. Therefore, these patients cannot produce the hormone insulin and have to take medications to introduce insulin into their bodies.
(a) Describe how insulin would be produced in a normal functioning (non-type 1 diabetes) pancreatic cell.

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02-09-2022
Biology

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In humans, pancreatic cells synthesize the protein insulin in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Patients diagnosed with type 1 diabetes have immune systems that mistakenly attack their pancreatic cells. Therefore, these patients cannot produce the hormone insulin and have to take medications to introduce insulin into their bodies.
(a) Describe how insulin would be produced in a normal functioning (non-type 1 diabetes) pancreatic cell.

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Luisvaschettoidn Luisvaschettoidn · Answer 1 · 2022-09-06T12:20:43-04:00

Pro-insulin enters is generated and travels to Golgi to be packed into secretory vesicles, then suffers cleavage to produce insulin that is released to the bloodstream.

What is insulin?

Insulin is a peptide that suffers diverse modifications in the endomembrane system, first as pre-pro-insulin when it comes to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).

Subsequently, the ER releases pro-insulin that is transported to Golgi to be packed into secretory vesicles, then it is cleaved to produce insulin.

In conclusion, Pro-insulin enters is generated and goes to Golgi to be packed into secretory vesicles, then suffers cleavage to produce insulin that is released to the bloodstream.

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What is insulin?

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