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a) We would calculate the average speed by applying the formula,
v = Q/A
where
v is the average speed
Q is the flow rate
A is the cross sectional area
From the information given,
width = 21
depth = 21
A = 21 x 21 = 441 m^2
Q = 300,000 L/s
Recall, 1 L = 10^-3 m^3
Q = 300,000 x 10^-3 m^3/s
v = 300,000 x 10^-3/441
Average speed = 0.68 m/s
b) In this scenario,
width = 64
depth = 45
Area = 64 x 45 = 2880 m^2
v = 300,000 x 10^-3/2880
v = 0.104 m/s
the average speed (in m/s) of the water in the river downstream of the falls when it widens to 64 m and its depth increases to an average of 45 m is 0.104 m/s