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If there are 100 individuals in a population and 20 are homozygous for b, 60 are heterozygous, and 20 are homozygous for b, the allele frequency of b is 50%.
Allele frequency, sometimes referred to as gene frequency, is the percentage or fractional frequency of an allele (gene variant) at a certain location in a population. What is being discussed is the proportion of chromosomes in the population that carry that allele in comparison to the entire population or sample size. The slow change in allele frequencies within a population is known as microevolution.
Taking into consideration:
1. A particular allele at a particular chromosomal region.
2. A collection of N individuals with ploidy n, which denotes that each individual's somatic cells have n copies of each chromosome (e.g. two chromosomes in the cells of diploid species).
If an allele is found in a population on I chromosomes, the allele frequency is the proportion of all I occurrences of that allele to the total number of copies of the chromosome in the population (nN). Despite being related, the genotype frequency and the allele frequency are separate and one can infer the other from the other.
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