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Yes, more persons with mental illnesses are currently housed in jails and prisons than in state mental institutions in the US. The assertion is accurate.
Prisons are state- or federal-run housing facilities used to house criminal defendants serving terms of imprisonment usually longer than one year. Local law enforcement operates jails, which house inmates serving shorter sentences.
Prison and jail are frequently used as synonyms for places of incarceration. If you wish to be more precise, jail may be used to define a location for people who are being held while their case is being processed or are being held for less serious offenses, whereas prison can be used to represent a location for those who have been convicted for serious crimes.
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