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According to the First law of Thermodynamics, the fraction of heat energy required is 3/5, for monoatomic ideal gas.
An ideal gas is one in which there are no intermolecular attraction forces and all collisions between atoms or molecules are entirely elastic. Three state variables—absolute pressure (P), volume (V), and absolute temperature—can be used to describe an ideal gas (T). Kinetic theory can be used to infer their connection.
Thermodynamics is the study of changes that take place in a region of the universe that we refer to as the system; the rest of the universe is referred to as the surroundings. The system may be cut off from its environment by a physical or conceptual border.
Calculations:
The percentage of the heat energy given that raises the internal energy of an ideal monoatomic gas when it is heated at constant pressure is:
By the first law of thermodynamics
Q=U+W = f/2nRT+P∫dV= f/2nRT+PV
or Q= f/2nRT+nRT(∵PV=nRT)
= 3/2nRT+nRT= 5/2nRT
∴ Fraction of heat energy supplied = U/Q=
(3/2)nRT/(5/2)nRT = 3/5.
Hence, according to the First law of Thermodynamics, the fraction of heat energy required is 3/5, for monoatomic ideal gas.
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