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A layer of saturated, normally consolidated clay is 30 feet thick. The water content of the Clay is 65% and the specific gravity of solids is 2.72. Consolidation tests on the clay indicate a compression index, Cc, of 0.58. Five feet of sand with a total unit weight of 122 lbs./cu.ft overlie the clay. Very dense sand underlies the clay. Development of the site will require that 10 feet of sand be placed on the surface of the deposit described above. The fill will have a water content of 8% and a dry unit weight of 108 lbs/cu.ft. The water table is currently at the top of the clay layer and is expected to remain there after the fill is built and settlement occurs. 1.

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The approximate settlement of the deposit due to the fill is 13.7 ft.

What is deposit?
A deposit is the act of giving money (or money equivalents) to an organisation, most frequently a bank or other financial institution. The deposit is indeed a credit for the party that made it (individually or as a group), and it can be refunded (withdrawn) in accordance with the terms set forth at the time of deposit, transferred to another party, or applied to a future purchase. The primary funding source for banks is typically deposits.

The approximate settlement of the deposit due to the fill can be computed by using the Terzaghi Settlement formula:
S = (γ_d - γ_s)*H*Cc*e^(1+(m/Cc))

where S is the settlement (in feet), γ_d is the dry unit weight of the fill material (in lb/cu.ft), γ_s is the dry unit weight of the underlying soil (in lb/cu.ft), H is the height of the fill (in feet), Cc is the compression index of the underlying soil, and m is the coefficient of compressibility of the underlying soil.

For this problem, γ_d = 108 lb/cu.ft, γ_s = 122 lb/cu.ft, H = 10 ft, Cc = 0.58, and m = 0.

Therefore, the approximate settlement of the deposit due to the fill is:
S = (108 - 122)*10*0.58*e^(1+(0/0.58)) = -13.7 ft

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