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The process of converting information into a secret code that conceals its true meaning is known as encryption. Cryptography is the study of information encryption and decryption.
Data that hasn't been encrypted is referred to as ciphertext in computers, while plaintext is the name given to unencrypted data. Encryption algorithms, often known as ciphers, are the mathematical formulas used to encode and decode messages. A cipher's algorithm must include a variable for it to work. The variable, known as a key, is what distinguishes the result of a cipher. Unauthorized parties who intercept encrypted messages must determine the cipher the sender employed to encrypt the message and the keys that were used as variables. Encryption is an effective security measure since it takes time and is challenging to guess.
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