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In a brief essay, explain three ways in which the Roman Catholic Church responded to the spread of Protestantism in the sixteenth century. Describe each part of the church’s response using specific facts an in your opinion, how has this impacted religions today?
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The Roman Catholic Church responded to the spread of Protestantism in the 16th century in a number of ways, intending to strengthen its own stance and its hold on church power. 

1. Religious orders were formed that aimed to build allegiance to Rome and the papacy, and to educate people in Catholic teaching.  The Society of Jesus, known as the Jesuits for short, was a key order of this sort.  The order was founded by Ignatius of Loyola in 1534, along with Francis Xavier and several others.

2.  The Council of Trent served to reform some abuses that were acknowledged by the Catholic Church. For instance, the Council of Trent put a stop to the selling of indulgenes. But more than anything, the meeting of Roman Catholic church leaders reasserted the full authority of Roman power and doctrine in opposition to the Protestant threat.  The Council of Trent held meetings over a span of years from 1545 to 1563.

3.  The Roman Inquisition was founded in 1542 to act as an investigative body in regard to threats to Rome's teachings.  About a century later, Galileo would be one of the most famous persons tried by the Roman Inquisition. The efforts of the Roman Catholic Church in the 16tth century have continued to impact both Catholicism and Protestantism. Faithful Catholics see the "Catholic Reformation" (which included the items described above) as a healthy resurgence of Rome's spiritual authority. Protestants have tended to see Rome's efforts as oppressive, convincing them that breaking off relationships with Rome was the right thing to do. There have been some efforts in recent history to build ecumenical ties between Catholics and Protestants, but mostly the two sides have continued to pursue their separate missions apart from one another.

Answer:

In 1545, the Council of Trent was called to address excesses that the Catholic Church had identified. In the face of the Protestant opposition, the assembly of Roman Catholic church authorities reaffirmed the entire authority of Roman power and doctrine. The Council convened on a regular basis from 1545 until 1563.Religious orders were established with the goal of strengthening allegiance to Rome and the papacy, as well as educating individuals in Catholic doctrine. The Society of Jesus, also known as the Jesuits, was a major religious organization of this type. Ignatius of Loyola, together with Francis Xavier and others, formed the order in 1534.

In 1542, the Roman Inquisition was established as an investigation organization to look into dangers to Rome's teachings. Galileo will become one of the most renowned people prosecuted by the Roman Inquisition a century later. The Roman Catholic Church's efforts in the sixteenth century have had an influence on both Catholicism and Protestantism. The "Catholic Reformation" (which comprised the topics listed above) is seen by faithful Catholics as a healthy rebirth of Rome's spiritual authority. Protestants have tended to view Rome's initiatives as repressive, persuading them that severing ties with Rome was the best course of action.Although there have been some recent attempts to develop ecumenical relations between Catholics and Protestants, the two parties have mostly continued to pursue their own agendas.

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