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The function of each protein molecule depends on its shape, which in turn is determined by the protein specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS.
Proteins are a type of macro molecules that are made from amino acids, each protein is a long chain of different amino acids. There are twenty different amino acids in existence. Protein carry out several crucial functions in the cells of living organisms. The specific functions which a protein carries out is determined by its shape and the three dimensional structure of the protein. The shape of the protein depend on the type of amino acids that made up the protein.
Proteins are a type of macro molecules that are made from amino acids, each protein is a long chain of different amino acids. There are twenty different amino acids in existence. Protein carry out several crucial functions in the cells of living organisms. The specific functions which a protein carries out is determined by its shape and the three dimensional structure of the protein. The shape of the protein depend on the type of amino acids that made up the protein.
Amino acids
The function of a protein molecule depends on its shape which is governed by the amino acid sequence of the protein chain. Amino acids are the monomeric units which constitute the polypeptide chain (proteins). Amino acids are consists of a carboxyl group and amine group along with a specific side chain (R-group).
The maximum number of amino acids has non-polar side chains. 20 different amino acids form the linear chains of protein that are linked through covalent peptide bonds. The protein molecules are formed during condensation reaction where a water molecule is removed between two amino acids and a peptide bond is formed.
Protein exists in four different structures which include-
1. Primary
2. Secondary
3. Tertiary
4. Quaternary structure
The linear polypeptide chains fold to form the secondary and tertiary structure of proteins. Two different forms of secondary structure are alpha-helix and beta-plated sheets. The tertiary protein structure is a 3- dimensional protein structure.
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Answer details:
Grade: Senior secondary
Subject: Biology
Topic: Proteins
Keywords: Proteins, amino acid, carboxyl group, amine group, peptide bond, primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary, alpha-helix, beta-plated sheets.
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