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The correct answer is : "The holocaust perpretrated by nazi Germany against the Jews during WWII"
After the nazis had adopted the so-called Final Solution to the Jewish Question and extermined millions of Jews in death camps (and also people from other human groups they considered inferior such as gypsies, homosexuals, disabled, communists, etc), the international community sought for a permanent solution so that Jews would not suffer discrimination anymore.
Jews are a religious and ethnic group who have coexisted with other religions and communities all over the world, but they had never had their own nation. Their historical origins are located in the territories of current Israel and, therefore, the formation of a state for Jewish people on those territories was agreed. The international community believed that if they had their own nation they would not be discrimined and hated anymore.