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Sagot :
To determine the number of each atom on the other half of the balanced chemical equation, let's break down the given chemical equation component:
[tex]\[ 3 \text{Mg(OH)}_2 + 2 \text{H}_3\text{PO}_4 \][/tex]
First, identify the number of each type of atom on the left-hand (reactant) side:
1. Magnesium (Mg):
- Each molecule of \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\) contains 1 magnesium atom.
- Given 3 molecules of \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\), the total number of magnesium atoms is:
[tex]\[ 3 \times 1 = 3 \][/tex]
2. Phosphorus (P):
- Each molecule of \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\) contains 1 phosphorus atom.
- Given 2 molecules of \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\), the total number of phosphorus atoms is:
[tex]\[ 2 \times 1 = 2 \][/tex]
3. Oxygen (O):
- Each molecule of \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\) contains 2 oxygen atoms.
- Given 3 molecules of \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\), the total number of oxygen atoms from \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\) is:
[tex]\[ 3 \times 2 = 6 \][/tex]
- Each molecule of \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\) contains 4 oxygen atoms.
- Given 2 molecules of \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\), the total number of oxygen atoms from \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\) is:
[tex]\[ 2 \times 4 = 8 \][/tex]
- Therefore, the total number of oxygen atoms from both compounds is:
[tex]\[ 6 + 8 = 14 \][/tex]
4. Hydrogen (H):
- Each molecule of \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\) contains 2 hydrogen atoms.
- Given 3 molecules of \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\), the total number of hydrogen atoms from \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\) is:
[tex]\[ 3 \times 2 = 6 \][/tex]
- Each molecule of \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\) contains 3 hydrogen atoms.
- Given 2 molecules of \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\), the total number of hydrogen atoms from \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\) is:
[tex]\[ 2 \times 3 = 6 \][/tex]
- Therefore, the total number of hydrogen atoms from both compounds is:
[tex]\[ 6 + 6 = 12 \][/tex]
So, the numbers of each atom on the other half of the equation are:
- 3 atoms of Magnesium (Mg)
- 2 atoms of Phosphorus (P)
- 14 atoms of Oxygen (O)
- 12 atoms of Hydrogen (H)
Hence, the correct answer is:
[tex]\[ 3 \text{ Mg, } 2 \text{ P, } 14 \text{ O, } 12 \text{ H } \][/tex]
[tex]\[ 3 \text{Mg(OH)}_2 + 2 \text{H}_3\text{PO}_4 \][/tex]
First, identify the number of each type of atom on the left-hand (reactant) side:
1. Magnesium (Mg):
- Each molecule of \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\) contains 1 magnesium atom.
- Given 3 molecules of \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\), the total number of magnesium atoms is:
[tex]\[ 3 \times 1 = 3 \][/tex]
2. Phosphorus (P):
- Each molecule of \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\) contains 1 phosphorus atom.
- Given 2 molecules of \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\), the total number of phosphorus atoms is:
[tex]\[ 2 \times 1 = 2 \][/tex]
3. Oxygen (O):
- Each molecule of \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\) contains 2 oxygen atoms.
- Given 3 molecules of \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\), the total number of oxygen atoms from \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\) is:
[tex]\[ 3 \times 2 = 6 \][/tex]
- Each molecule of \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\) contains 4 oxygen atoms.
- Given 2 molecules of \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\), the total number of oxygen atoms from \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\) is:
[tex]\[ 2 \times 4 = 8 \][/tex]
- Therefore, the total number of oxygen atoms from both compounds is:
[tex]\[ 6 + 8 = 14 \][/tex]
4. Hydrogen (H):
- Each molecule of \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\) contains 2 hydrogen atoms.
- Given 3 molecules of \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\), the total number of hydrogen atoms from \(\text{Mg(OH)}_2\) is:
[tex]\[ 3 \times 2 = 6 \][/tex]
- Each molecule of \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\) contains 3 hydrogen atoms.
- Given 2 molecules of \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\), the total number of hydrogen atoms from \(\text{H}_3\text{PO}_4\) is:
[tex]\[ 2 \times 3 = 6 \][/tex]
- Therefore, the total number of hydrogen atoms from both compounds is:
[tex]\[ 6 + 6 = 12 \][/tex]
So, the numbers of each atom on the other half of the equation are:
- 3 atoms of Magnesium (Mg)
- 2 atoms of Phosphorus (P)
- 14 atoms of Oxygen (O)
- 12 atoms of Hydrogen (H)
Hence, the correct answer is:
[tex]\[ 3 \text{ Mg, } 2 \text{ P, } 14 \text{ O, } 12 \text{ H } \][/tex]
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