Join IDNLearn.com and start exploring the answers to your most pressing questions. Get the information you need from our community of experts, who provide detailed and trustworthy answers.
The correct answer is:
c. Social control or bond theory
**Explanation:**
* Social control theory, also known as bond theory, argues that strong bonds to society deter individuals from criminal activity.
* The theory suggests that people with strong attachments to family, school, and other social institutions are less likely to engage in crime because they have more to lose.
* Power-control theory focuses on how powerful groups control less powerful ones.
* Feminist pathways theory explores how gender roles and socialization contribute to women's involvement in crime.
* Strain theory suggests that crime results from the strain experienced when individuals are unable to achieve their goals through legitimate means.