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Answer:
Specialization refers to the process or practice of focusing on a particular area of expertise, field, or activity. It involves concentrating efforts, skills, and resources on a narrow segment of a broader discipline to gain deeper knowledge, proficiency, and efficiency. Specialization can occur in various contexts, such as in professions, industries, academic studies, and even biological evolution, where organisms develop specific adaptations to thrive in particular environments. The primary benefit of specialization is increased efficiency and expertise, although it can also lead to a greater reliance on collaboration and interdependence with others who specialize in different areas.