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Read this passage from Chapter 5 of The Prince:

"There are, for example, the Spartans and the Romans. The Spartans held Athens and Thebes, establishing there an oligarchy; nevertheless, they lost them. The Romans, in order to hold Capua, Carthage, and Numantia, dismantled them, and did not lose them. They wished to hold Greece as the Spartans held it, making it free and permitting its laws, and did not succeed. So to hold it, they were compelled to dismantle many cities in the country, for in truth, there is no safe way to retain them otherwise than by ruining them. And he who becomes master of a city accustomed to freedom and does not destroy it, may expect to be destroyed by it, for in rebellion, it has always the watchword of liberty and its ancient privileges as a rallying point, which neither time nor benefits will ever cause it to forget. And whatever you may do or provide against, they never forget that name."

What text evidence supports Machiavelli's secondary purpose to inform readers about the tactics Sparta and Rome used to hold cities and their effectiveness? Select three options.

A. The list of cities conquered by Sparta and Rome
B. The description of how Sparta had held Greece
C. The explanation of why Rome dismantled Greek cities
D. The characterization of liberty as a "watchword" of rebellion
E. The example of Pisa rebelling against the Florentines

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Final answer:

Text evidence supports Machiavelli's explanation of Sparta and Rome's tactics in maintaining control of cities.


Explanation:

The text evidence that supports Machiavelli's secondary purpose to inform readers about the tactics Sparta and Rome used to hold cities and their effectiveness includes:

  1. The description of how Sparta had held Greece: Machiavelli discusses how Sparta held Athens and Thebes in an oligarchy but later lost them.
  2. The explanation of why Rome dismantled Greek cities: Rome's strategy of dismantling cities like Capua, Carthage, and Numantia to maintain control is highlighted.
  3. The characterization of liberty as a 'watchword' of rebellion: Machiavelli emphasizes the significance of liberty in inciting rebellions against rulers who fail to destroy their newly conquered territories.

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