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Write [tex]$2 \log_b p + \frac{1}{2} \log_b q - 5 \log_b r$[/tex] as a single logarithm.

A. [tex]\log_b\left(\frac{pq}{5r}\right)[/tex]
B. [tex]\log_b\left(p^2 \sqrt{q} r^5\right)[/tex]
C. [tex]\log_b\left(\frac{p^2 \sqrt{q}}{r^5}\right)[/tex]


Sagot :

Sure, let's work through the problem step-by-step to write [tex]\( 2 \log_b p + \frac{1}{2} \log_b q - 5 \log_b r \)[/tex] as a single logarithm.

1. Apply the power rule of logarithms:
The power rule states that [tex]\( a \log_b x = \log_b (x^a) \)[/tex]. We apply this rule to each term in the expression:
- For [tex]\( 2 \log_b p \)[/tex], we use the power rule to get [tex]\( \log_b (p^2) \)[/tex].
- For [tex]\( \frac{1}{2} \log_b q \)[/tex], we use the power rule to get [tex]\( \log_b (q^{\frac{1}{2}}) \)[/tex]. Note that [tex]\( q^{\frac{1}{2}} \)[/tex] is the same as [tex]\( \sqrt{q} \)[/tex].
- For [tex]\( -5 \log_b r \)[/tex], we use the power rule to get [tex]\( \log_b (r^{-5}) \)[/tex].

2. Rewrite the expression with the modified logarithms:
Substituting the above results yields:
[tex]\[ \log_b (p^2) + \log_b (q^{\frac{1}{2}}) - \log_b (r^5) \][/tex]

3. Combine the logarithms using the addition and subtraction rules:
- The addition rule of logarithms says [tex]\( \log_b x + \log_b y = \log_b (xy) \)[/tex].
- The subtraction rule of logarithms says [tex]\( \log_b x - \log_b y = \log_b \left(\frac{x}{y}\right) \)[/tex].

So, we first combine the addition part:
[tex]\[ \log_b (p^2) + \log_b (q^{\frac{1}{2}}) = \log_b (p^2 \cdot q^{\frac{1}{2}}) \][/tex]

Then, incorporate the subtraction part:
[tex]\[ \log_b (p^2 \cdot q^{\frac{1}{2}}) - \log_b (r^5) = \log_b \left( \frac{p^2 \cdot q^{\frac{1}{2}}}{r^5} \right) \][/tex]

4. Simplify the expression:
- [tex]\( q^{\frac{1}{2}} \)[/tex] is the same as [tex]\( \sqrt{q} \)[/tex].

Thus, the final combined single logarithm expression is:
[tex]\[ \log_b \left(\frac{p^2 \sqrt{q}}{r^5}\right) \][/tex]

Therefore, the expression [tex]\( 2 \log_b p + \frac{1}{2} \log_b q - 5 \log_b r \)[/tex] written as a single logarithm is:
[tex]\[ \log_b \left( \frac{p^2 \sqrt{q}}{r^5} \right) \][/tex]
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