To determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons for the ion [tex]\( \text{Al}^{+3} \)[/tex]:
1. Identify the protons:
- The atomic number of aluminum (Al) is 13. This means that a neutral aluminum atom has 13 protons.
- Since forming an ion does not change the number of protons, [tex]\( \text{Al}^{+3} \)[/tex] also has 13 protons.
2. Identify the neutrons:
- The mass number of aluminum in its most common isotope is 27.
- The number of neutrons is determined by subtracting the number of protons from the mass number: [tex]\( 27 - 13 = 14 \)[/tex]. So, [tex]\( \text{Al}^{+3} \)[/tex] has 14 neutrons.
3. Identify the electrons:
- A neutral aluminum atom has 13 electrons because it has 13 protons to balance the charge.
- The [tex]\( \text{Al}^{+3} \)[/tex] ion has lost 3 electrons compared to the neutral atom. So, [tex]\( 13 - 3 = 10 \)[/tex] electrons.
Therefore, the [tex]\( \text{Al}^{+3} \)[/tex] ion has:
- Protons: 13
- Neutrons: 14
- Electrons: 10
Among the provided options, the correct one is:
- Protons [tex]$=13$[/tex], neutrons [tex]$=14$[/tex], electrons [tex]$=10$[/tex].
