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In urban tenements of the early 1900s, inadequate sanitation was the primary factor contributing to the spread of disease among the working class, leading to regulatory measures and public health movements to improve living conditions.
The spread of disease in city tenements in the early 1900s was most directly contributed to by inadequate sanitation. Tenement buildings were overcrowded, lacked plumbing and sanitary facilities, and had poor ventilation, leading to rampant diseases like tuberculosis, cholera, and typhoid among urban working class populations.
Public Health Movements: Emerging medical and public health fields highlighted the connection between poor environmental conditions and diseases, leading to the establishment of housing codes and local health inspectors to enforce basic requirements for ventilation and sanitation.
Regulatory Measures: Cities like New York enacted Tenement House Laws requiring fire escapes and ventilation in multi-family dwellings to address the dire health and safety conditions in urban tenements.
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