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Example for the next four problems:

Compound formula: [tex][tex]$MgCl_2$[/tex][/tex]
Element: Mg
\# of Atoms: 1
Element: Cl
\# of Atoms: 2
Gram formula weight (g): 95.21

Compound formula: [tex]$Na_2CO_3$[/tex]
Element: Na
\# of Atoms: [tex]$\square$[/tex]
Element: C
\# of Atoms: [tex]$\square$[/tex]
Element: O
\# of Atoms: [tex]$\square$[/tex]
Gram formula weight (g): [tex]$\square$[/tex]


Sagot :

To find the number of atoms for each element in the compound [tex]\(Na_2CO_3\)[/tex], we will carefully analyze the chemical formula. The formula indicates the number of each type of atom in a single molecule of the compound.

Let's break down the formula [tex]\(Na_2CO_3\)[/tex]:

1. Element: Na
- The subscript "2" next to "Na" indicates that there are 2 atoms of sodium (Na) in the compound.

[tex]\[ \text{Element: Na} \quad \text{\# of Atoms: 2} \][/tex]

2. Element: C
- The symbol "C" does not have a subscript next to it, which implies that there is 1 atom of carbon (C) in the compound.

[tex]\[ \text{Element: C} \quad \text{\# of Atoms: 1} \][/tex]

3. Element: O
- The subscript "3" next to "O" indicates that there are 3 atoms of oxygen (O) in the compound.

[tex]\[ \text{Element: O} \quad \text{\# of Atoms: 3} \][/tex]

The number of each type of atom is, respectively:
- Sodium (Na): 2 atoms
- Carbon (C): 1 atom
- Oxygen (O): 3 atoms

Next, we calculate the gram formula weight of [tex]\(Na_2CO_3\)[/tex]. To do this, we use the atomic weights of each element:
- Sodium (Na): approximately 22.99 g/mol
- Carbon (C): approximately 12.01 g/mol
- Oxygen (O): approximately 16.00 g/mol

The formula weight can be calculated by summing the products of the number of each type of atom and their respective atomic weights:

[tex]\[ \text{Gram formula weight} = (2 \times 22.99) + (1 \times 12.01) + (3 \times 16.00) \][/tex]

[tex]\[ \text{Gram formula weight} = 45.98 + 12.01 + 48.00 = 105.99 \text{ g/mol} \][/tex]

Thus, the gram formula weight of [tex]\(Na_2CO_3\)[/tex] is 105.99 g/mol.

Summarizing the details:

[tex]\[ \text{Compound Formula: } Na_2CO_3 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{Element: Na \# of Atoms: 2} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{Element: C \# of Atoms: 1} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{Element: O \# of Atoms: 3} \][/tex]
[tex]\[ \text{Gram formula weight (g): 105.99} \][/tex]
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