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What are the solutions of the equation [tex]x^4 + 3x^2 + 2 = 0[/tex]? Use [tex]u[/tex] substitution to solve.

A. [tex]x = \pm i \sqrt{2}[/tex] and [tex]x = \pm 1[/tex]

B. [tex]x = \pm i \sqrt{2}[/tex] and [tex]x = \pm i[/tex]

C. [tex]x = \pm \sqrt{2}[/tex] and [tex]x = \pm i[/tex]

D. [tex]x = \pm \sqrt{2}[/tex] and [tex]x = \pm 1[/tex]


Sagot :

To find the solutions of the equation [tex]\( x^4 + 3x^2 + 2 = 0 \)[/tex], we can use a substitution method. Let's go through this step by step.

1. Substitution:
Let [tex]\( u = x^2 \)[/tex]. This transforms the equation into a quadratic form:
[tex]\[ u^2 + 3u + 2 = 0 \][/tex]

2. Solve the quadratic equation:
This is a standard quadratic equation which can be solved using either factoring, completing the square, or the quadratic formula. We will factor it:
[tex]\[ u^2 + 3u + 2 = 0 \][/tex]
After factoring, we get:
[tex]\[ (u + 1)(u + 2) = 0 \][/tex]
Setting each factor to zero gives us the solutions for [tex]\( u \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ u + 1 = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad u = -1 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ u + 2 = 0 \quad \Rightarrow \quad u = -2 \][/tex]

3. Back-substitute [tex]\( u = x^2 \)[/tex]:
These solutions for [tex]\( u \)[/tex] translate back to [tex]\( x \)[/tex] as follows:
- For [tex]\( u = -1 \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ x^2 = -1 \quad \Rightarrow \quad x = \pm i \][/tex]
- For [tex]\( u = -2 \)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ x^2 = -2 \quad \Rightarrow \quad x = \pm i\sqrt{2} \][/tex]

4. Compile all solutions:
The solutions we found for [tex]\( x \)[/tex] are:
[tex]\[ x = \pm i, \quad x = \pm i \sqrt{2} \][/tex]

Therefore, the complete set of solutions for the equation [tex]\( x^4 + 3x^2 + 2 = 0 \)[/tex] is:

[tex]\[ x = \pm i, \quad x = \pm i \sqrt{2} \][/tex]

Given the solution options:
- [tex]\( x = \pm i \sqrt{2} \)[/tex] and [tex]\( x = \pm 1 \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( x = \pm i \sqrt{2} \)[/tex] and [tex]\( x = \pm i \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( x = \pm \sqrt{2} \)[/tex] and [tex]\( x = \pm i \)[/tex]
- [tex]\( x = \pm \sqrt{2} \)[/tex] and [tex]\( x = \pm 1 \)[/tex]

The correct set of solutions is:

[tex]\[ x = \pm i \sqrt{2} \quad \text{and} \quad x = \pm i \][/tex]

So, the correct answer is:
[tex]\[ 2 \][/tex]