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When a sprinkler is installed in the ground, the spray of water goes up and falls in the pattern of a parabola. The height, in inches, of a spray of water is given by the equation [tex]$h(x) = 160x - 16x^2$[/tex] where [tex]$x$[/tex] is the number of feet away from the sprinkler head.

1. What is the height of the spray 2 feet away from the sprinkler head?
[tex]\[
h(2) = \square
\][/tex]

After 2 seconds, the height of the spray is [tex]\square[/tex] inches.

2. How many feet along the ground away from the sprinkler head will the spray reach a maximum height?
[tex]\[
\square \text{ feet}
\][/tex]

3. What is the maximum height of the water spray?
[tex]\[
\square \text{ inches}
\][/tex]

4. How many feet away from the sprinkler head will the water hit the ground again?
[tex]\[
\square \text{ feet}
\][/tex]


Sagot :

Certainly! Let's solve the problem step-by-step.

Given the function [tex]\( h(x) = 160x - 16x^2 \)[/tex], we need to find several key values.

Step 1: Height of the spray 2 feet away from the sprinkler head

To find the height at 2 feet away from the sprinkler head, we substitute [tex]\( x = 2 \)[/tex] into the height function:

[tex]\[ h(2) = 160(2) - 16(2)^2 \][/tex]

Calculating this:

[tex]\[ h(2) = 320 - 64 = 256 \][/tex]

Therefore, the height of the spray 2 feet away from the sprinkler head is [tex]\( 256 \)[/tex] inches.

Step 2: Time is 2 seconds
After 2 seconds, the height of the spray is also [tex]\( 256 \)[/tex] inches.

Step 3: Finding the number of feet along the ground where the spray will reach maximum height

The height function [tex]\( h(x) = 160x - 16x^2 \)[/tex] is a quadratic equation in standard form [tex]\( ax^2 + bx + c \)[/tex] where [tex]\( a = -16 \)[/tex] and [tex]\( b = 160 \)[/tex]. The maximum height of a parabola given by a quadratic function [tex]\( ax^2 + bx + c \)[/tex] can be determined using the vertex formula [tex]\( x = -\frac{b}{2a} \)[/tex].

Substituting the values of [tex]\( a \)[/tex] and [tex]\( b \)[/tex]:

[tex]\[ x = -\frac{160}{2(-16)} = -\frac{160}{-32} = 5 \][/tex]

Thus, the spray reaches its maximum height at [tex]\( x = 5 \)[/tex] feet away from the sprinkler head.

Step 4: Calculating the maximum height

To find the maximum height, substitute [tex]\( x = 5 \)[/tex] back into the height function:

[tex]\[ h(5) = 160(5) - 16(5)^2 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ h(5) = 800 - 400 = 400 \][/tex]

Therefore, the maximum height of the water spray is [tex]\( 400 \)[/tex] inches.

Step 5: Finding where the water will hit the ground again

The water will hit the ground when the height is zero, i.e., [tex]\( h(x) = 0 \)[/tex]. We solve for [tex]\( x \)[/tex] in the equation [tex]\( 160x - 16x^2 = 0 \)[/tex].

Factoring the quadratic equation, we get:

[tex]\[ 160x - 16x^2 = 0 \][/tex]
[tex]\[ 16x(10 - x) = 0 \][/tex]

Setting each factor equal to zero gives us:

[tex]\[ 16x = 0 \quad \text{or} \quad 10 - x = 0 \][/tex]

This results in:

[tex]\[ x = 0 \quad \text{or} \quad x = 10 \][/tex]

Thus, the water will also hit the ground again at [tex]\( x = 10 \)[/tex] feet away from the sprinkler head.

So, to summarize:
- [tex]\( h(2) = 256 \)[/tex]
- After 2 seconds, the height of the spray is [tex]\( 256 \)[/tex] inches.
- The spray reaches its maximum height 5 feet away from the sprinkler head.
- The maximum height of the water spray is [tex]\( 400 \)[/tex] inches.
- The water will hit the ground again at 10 feet away from the sprinkler head.
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