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Sagot :
Let's address each of the questions step by step:
### Part (a)
The question asks whether a scatter plot of the data supports the strategy of performing a simple linear regression analysis to relate fluid-flow velocity ([tex]\(x\)[/tex]) and the extent of mist droplets ([tex]\(y\)[/tex]).
- Answer:
Yes, a scatter plot shows a reasonable linear relationship.
### Part (b)
We need to determine the proportion of observed variation in mist that can be attributed to the simple linear regression relationship between velocity and mist.
- Answer:
The proportion of observed variation in mist explained by the regression model is given by [tex]\(R^2\)[/tex], which in this case is [tex]\(0.937\)[/tex] (rounded to three decimal places).
### Part (c)
The question asks whether there is substantial evidence that the true average increase in [tex]\(y\)[/tex] is less than 0.6 when [tex]\(x\)[/tex] increases from 100 to 1000, using a significance level of [tex]\(\alpha=0.05\)[/tex].
1. State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses:
- Correct hypotheses:
[tex]\[ \begin{aligned} H_0: & \ \beta_1 = 0.0006667 \\ H_a: & \ \beta_1 < 0.0006667 \end{aligned} \][/tex]
2. Perform the hypothesis test:
- The test statistic ([tex]\(t_{stat}\)[/tex]) value is found to be [tex]\(-1.517\)[/tex]. This compares the estimated slope to the null hypothesis slope.
- The critical value for a one-tailed t-test at [tex]\(\alpha = 0.05\)[/tex] with [tex]\(n-2\)[/tex] degrees of freedom ([tex]\(df = 5\)[/tex]) is approximately [tex]\(2.015\)[/tex].
3. Make the decision:
- Since [tex]\(t_{stat} = -1.517\)[/tex] is not less than [tex]\(-2.015\)[/tex], we do not reject the null hypothesis.
- Conclusion:
There is not enough evidence at the [tex]\(\alpha=0.05\)[/tex] significance level to conclude that the true average increase in [tex]\(y\)[/tex] is less than 0.6 when [tex]\(x\)[/tex] increases from 100 to 1000.
To summarize:
(a) Yes, a scatter plot shows a reasonable linear relationship.
(b) The proportion of observed variation in mist explained by the regression model is 0.937.
(c) The hypotheses are:
[tex]\[ \begin{aligned} H_0: & \ \beta_1 = 0.0006667 \\ H_a: & \ \beta_1 < 0.0006667 \end{aligned} \][/tex]
There is not enough evidence at [tex]\(\alpha = 0.05\)[/tex] to reject the null hypothesis.
### Part (a)
The question asks whether a scatter plot of the data supports the strategy of performing a simple linear regression analysis to relate fluid-flow velocity ([tex]\(x\)[/tex]) and the extent of mist droplets ([tex]\(y\)[/tex]).
- Answer:
Yes, a scatter plot shows a reasonable linear relationship.
### Part (b)
We need to determine the proportion of observed variation in mist that can be attributed to the simple linear regression relationship between velocity and mist.
- Answer:
The proportion of observed variation in mist explained by the regression model is given by [tex]\(R^2\)[/tex], which in this case is [tex]\(0.937\)[/tex] (rounded to three decimal places).
### Part (c)
The question asks whether there is substantial evidence that the true average increase in [tex]\(y\)[/tex] is less than 0.6 when [tex]\(x\)[/tex] increases from 100 to 1000, using a significance level of [tex]\(\alpha=0.05\)[/tex].
1. State the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses:
- Correct hypotheses:
[tex]\[ \begin{aligned} H_0: & \ \beta_1 = 0.0006667 \\ H_a: & \ \beta_1 < 0.0006667 \end{aligned} \][/tex]
2. Perform the hypothesis test:
- The test statistic ([tex]\(t_{stat}\)[/tex]) value is found to be [tex]\(-1.517\)[/tex]. This compares the estimated slope to the null hypothesis slope.
- The critical value for a one-tailed t-test at [tex]\(\alpha = 0.05\)[/tex] with [tex]\(n-2\)[/tex] degrees of freedom ([tex]\(df = 5\)[/tex]) is approximately [tex]\(2.015\)[/tex].
3. Make the decision:
- Since [tex]\(t_{stat} = -1.517\)[/tex] is not less than [tex]\(-2.015\)[/tex], we do not reject the null hypothesis.
- Conclusion:
There is not enough evidence at the [tex]\(\alpha=0.05\)[/tex] significance level to conclude that the true average increase in [tex]\(y\)[/tex] is less than 0.6 when [tex]\(x\)[/tex] increases from 100 to 1000.
To summarize:
(a) Yes, a scatter plot shows a reasonable linear relationship.
(b) The proportion of observed variation in mist explained by the regression model is 0.937.
(c) The hypotheses are:
[tex]\[ \begin{aligned} H_0: & \ \beta_1 = 0.0006667 \\ H_a: & \ \beta_1 < 0.0006667 \end{aligned} \][/tex]
There is not enough evidence at [tex]\(\alpha = 0.05\)[/tex] to reject the null hypothesis.
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