To determine in which solvents a steroid will be soluble, we need to understand the nature of steroids as well as the properties of the given solvents.
Properties of Steroids:
Steroids are generally non-polar molecules due to their extensive hydrocarbon framework and lack of strongly polar functional groups.
Solubility Principle:
The principle "like dissolves like" is crucial here, meaning non-polar solutes (like steroids) are more likely to dissolve in non-polar solvents. Conversely, polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents.
Solvent Analysis:
1. [tex]$CH_2Cl_2$[/tex] (Dichloromethane):
- This solvent is relatively non-polar, though it has some degree of polarity due to the chlorine atoms.
- Steroids, being non-polar, would be soluble in [tex]$CH_2Cl_2$[/tex].
2. [tex]$H_2O$[/tex] (Water):
- Water is a highly polar solvent.
- Non-polar substances like steroids would not dissolve well in water.
3. 6% Aqueous KI Solution:
- This solution is essentially water-based and is polar due to both the water and the dissolved ionic KI.
- Non-polar steroids would not be soluble in a polar aqueous solution.
4. [tex]$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3$[/tex] (Pentane):
- Pentane is a non-polar solvent comprised entirely of hydrocarbon chains.
- Non-polar steroids would be soluble in pentane.
Conclusion:
After evaluating the properties and compatibility between steroids and the solvents:
- Soluble:
- [tex]$CH_2Cl_2$[/tex] (Dichloromethane)
- [tex]$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3$[/tex] (Pentane)
- Not Soluble:
- [tex]$H_2O$[/tex] (Water)
- 6% Aqueous KI Solution
Therefore, steroids will be soluble in [tex]$CH_2Cl_2$[/tex] and [tex]$CH_3CH_2CH_2CH_2CH_3$[/tex].
