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Find the vertices and foci of the hyperbola.

[tex]\[ \frac{y^2}{25} - \frac{x^2}{144} = 1 \][/tex]

Vertices: [tex]\( (0, \pm 5) \)[/tex]

Foci: [tex]\( (0, \pm \sqrt{169}) = (0, \pm 13) \)[/tex]


Sagot :

Let's find the vertices and foci of the given hyperbola:

[tex]\[ \frac{y^2}{25} - \frac{x^2}{144} = 1 \][/tex]

This equation represents a vertical hyperbola, because the term with [tex]\( y^2 \)[/tex] is positive. The standard form for a vertical hyperbola is:

[tex]\[ \frac{y^2}{a^2} - \frac{x^2}{b^2} = 1 \][/tex]

By comparing the given equation with the standard form, we can identify that:

[tex]\[ a^2 = 25 \quad \text{and} \quad b^2 = 144 \][/tex]

First, let's find [tex]\( a \)[/tex] and [tex]\( b \)[/tex]:

[tex]\[ a = \sqrt{25} = 5 \][/tex]

[tex]\[ b = \sqrt{144} = 12 \][/tex]

The vertices of the hyperbola are located at [tex]\( (0, \pm a) \)[/tex]. Therefore, the coordinates of the vertices are:

[tex]\[ (0, \pm 5) \quad \rightarrow \quad \text{Vertices: } (0, 5) \text{ and } (0, -5) \][/tex]

Next, we need to find the coordinates of the foci. The distance from the center to each focus is given by [tex]\( c \)[/tex], where [tex]\( c \)[/tex] can be found using the formula:

[tex]\[ c^2 = a^2 + b^2 \][/tex]

So, we calculate:

[tex]\[ c^2 = 25 + 144 = 169 \][/tex]

Then,

[tex]\[ c = \sqrt{169} = 13 \][/tex]

The foci of the hyperbola are located at [tex]\( (0, \pm c) \)[/tex]. Therefore, the coordinates of the foci are:

[tex]\[ (0, \pm 13) \quad \rightarrow \quad \text{Foci: } (0, 13) \text{ and } (0, -13) \][/tex]

To summarize:

- The vertices of the hyperbola are at [tex]\( (0, 5) \)[/tex] and [tex]\( (0, -5) \)[/tex].
- The foci of the hyperbola are at [tex]\( (0, 13) \)[/tex] and [tex]\( (0, -13) \)[/tex].

Thus, we have:

[tex]\[ \begin{array}{l} \qquad \frac{y^2}{25} - \frac{x^2}{144} = 1 \\ \text{Vertices: } (0, 5) \text{ and } (0, -5) \\ \text{Foci: } (0, 13) \text{ and } (0, -13) \\ \end{array} \][/tex]