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Solve for [tex]$x$[/tex] if [tex]$4^x \times 16^{(x-1)} = 1$[/tex].

Sagot :

To solve the given equation [tex]\(4^x \times 16^{(x-1)} = 1\)[/tex], let's proceed step by step:

1. Rewrite the bases in terms of base 2:
- [tex]\( 4 \)[/tex] can be expressed as [tex]\(2^2\)[/tex], so [tex]\(4^x = (2^2)^x = 2^{2x}\)[/tex].
- [tex]\( 16 \)[/tex] can be expressed as [tex]\(2^4\)[/tex], so [tex]\(16^{(x-1)} = (2^4)^{(x-1)} = 2^{4(x-1)} = 2^{4x - 4}\)[/tex].

2. Substitute these into the equation:
[tex]\[ 4^x \times 16^{(x-1)} = 2^{2x} \times 2^{4x-4} = 1. \][/tex]

3. Combine the exponents with the same base:
[tex]\[ 2^{2x} \times 2^{4x-4} = 2^{(2x + 4x - 4)} = 2^{6x-4}. \][/tex]

4. Since the product of the exponents results in [tex]\(2^{6x-4}\)[/tex], we set this equal to 1:
- Recall that [tex]\(2^0 = 1\)[/tex].
[tex]\[ 2^{6x-4} = 2^0. \][/tex]

5. Equate the exponents:
[tex]\[ 6x - 4 = 0. \][/tex]

6. Solve for [tex]\(x\)[/tex]:
[tex]\[ 6x = 4 \implies x = \frac{4}{6} \implies x = \frac{2}{3}. \][/tex]

Next, we also need to consider the presence of any complex solutions due to the periodic nature of the exponential function. Specifically, for any complex solution [tex]\(z\)[/tex]:

Given our original equation [tex]\(4^x \times 16^{(x-1)} - 1 = 0\)[/tex], we recognize that the equation can be expressed in complex form using logarithms and properties of exponentials. The general complex solutions involve logarithmic identities considering complex [tex]\(i\)[/tex] components and periodicity of the logarithm in the complex plane.

Thus, the set of solutions is:
[tex]\[ \left\{\frac{2}{3}, \frac{\log(4) - i\pi}{3 \log(2)}, \frac{\log(4) + i\pi}{3 \log(2)}, \frac{2}{3} - \frac{2 i \pi}{3 \log(2)}, \frac{2}{3} + \frac{2 i \pi}{3 \log(2)}, \frac{2}{3} + \frac{i \pi}{\log(2)}\right\}. \][/tex]

Therefore, the complete set of solutions for [tex]\(x\)[/tex] includes both the real solution and complex solutions.
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