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## Atomic Structure

### Label the parts of an atom shown below. Also, fill in the missing information.

#### Atomic Shells and Electrons:
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
\hline
\textbf{Atomic Shell number} & \textbf{Electrons it can hold} \\
\hline
1 & \\
\hline
2 & \\
\hline
3 & \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

#### Subatomic Particles:
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
\textbf{Subatomic particle} & \textbf{Charge} & \textbf{Mass} & \textbf{Location in atom} \\
\hline
& 1 & & \\
\hline
& 0 & 1 & \\
\hline
& & & Nucleus \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

#### Atomic Information:
[tex]\[
\begin{aligned}
\text{Atomic Symbol:} & \\
\text{Total number of} & \quad \text{(Protons \& Neutrons)} \\
\end{aligned}
\][/tex]

#### Subatomic Particles (continued):
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
\textbf{Subatomic particle} & \textbf{Charge} & \textbf{Mass} & \textbf{Location in atom} \\
\hline
& 1 & & \\
\hline
& 0 & 1 & \\
\hline
& & & Nucleus \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

#### Number Information:
[tex]\[
\begin{aligned}
\text{Number of:} & \\
\text{Protons:} & \quad \text{Number of} \\
\end{aligned}
\][/tex]

#### Fill in the blanks:
a) The atomic number is the number of [tex]$\qquad$[/tex] in the nucleus.

b) The mass number is the number of [tex]$\qquad$[/tex] and [tex]$\qquad$[/tex] in the nucleus.

c) In an atom, the number of electrons is [tex]$\qquad$[/tex] as the number of protons.

d) In a positively charged ion, the number of electrons is [tex]$\qquad$[/tex] the number of protons.

e) In a negatively charged ion, the number of electrons is [tex]$\qquad$[/tex] the number of protons.

Sagot :

GinnyAnsweridn
Alright, let's fill in the parts of the atom and other missing information with a detailed explanation for each part:

### 1. Parts of the Atom

\begin{tabular}{|c|c|}
\hline \begin{tabular}{c}
Atomic Shell \\
number
\end{tabular} & \begin{tabular}{c}
Electrons it \\
can hold
\end{tabular} \\
\hline 1 & 2 \\
\hline 2 & 8 \\
\hline 3 & 18 \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

Explanation:
- The 1st shell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.
- The 2nd shell can hold a maximum of 8 electrons.
- The 3rd shell can hold a maximum of 18 electrons.

### 2. Subatomic Particles

\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|}
\hline \begin{tabular}{c}
Subatomic \\
particle
\end{tabular} & Charge & Mass & \begin{tabular}{c}
Location in \\
atom
\end{tabular} \\
\hline Proton & 1 & 1 & Nucleus \\
\hline Neutron & 0 & 1 & Nucleus \\
\hline Electron & -1 & Approximately 0 & \begin{tabular}{c}
Electron cloud / \\
shell
\end{tabular} \\
\hline
\end{tabular}

Explanation:
- Protons carry a positive charge of +1, have a mass of 1 atomic mass unit (amu), and are located in the nucleus.
- Neurons have no charge, also have a mass of 1 amu, and are located in the nucleus.
- Electrons carry a negative charge of -1, have a very small mass (often considered as approximately 0 for simplicity), and are located in the electron cloud/shell surrounding the nucleus.

### 3. Definitions and Relationships

a) The atomic number is the number of protons in the nucleus.

b) The mass number is the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.

c) In an atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons.

d) In a positively charged ion, the number of electrons is less than the number of protons.

e) In a negatively charged ion, the number of electrons is greater than the number of protons.

Explanation:
- The atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
- The mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
- In a neutral atom, the number of electrons balances the positive charge of the protons, hence they are equal.
- A positively charged ion (cation) has fewer electrons than protons.
- A negatively charged ion (anion) has more electrons than protons.
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