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Central and peripheral vision play distinct roles in varying light conditions, with the fovea responsible for sharp focus in bright light, and peripheral vision utilizing rods for sensitivity in dim light.
Central vision is used when you bring your gaze to an object to examine it intently in bright light, as the object's image falls on the fovea, which is responsible for acute vision. However, in dim light or when looking at objects like stars, peripheral vision is better as it utilizes the rods at the edges of the retina, which are more sensitive in low light conditions. The difference in visual acuity between the fovea and peripheral retina highlights the importance of visual processing in directing important visual stimuli to the fovea for sharper focus.
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