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Flowers' evolution, structure, and function in plant reproduction.
Flowers are the colorful reproductive components of angiosperms, evolving about 140 million years ago. They consist of sepals, petals, stamens, and carpels. The formation of a flower involves sequential gene activity resulting in the development of different flower parts.
Scientists believe that flowers evolved traits to attract pollinators like insects and animals, improving fertilization efficiency over wind-pollinated plants. They developed brightly colored petals to lure pollinators and provided nectar in exchange for pollination.
Flowers have undergone modifications through evolutionary history due to natural selection, resulting in a diverse range of shapes, sizes, colors, and characteristics to attract pollinators and optimize reproduction.
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