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Mercury exerts greater pressure due to its higher density compared to water in columns of the same height.
Mercury exerts a greater pressure than water when both are in columns of the same height due to their different densities. Mercury is about 13.6 times denser than water, meaning a column of mercury would weigh more and exert a higher pressure compared to a column of water.
Using hydrostatic pressure formula P = ρgh, where ρ is density, g is acceleration due to gravity, and h is height, the higher density of mercury results in a greater pressure exerted at the same height compared to water.
For instance, a mercury barometer only needs to be 136 as tall as a water barometer to measure the same pressure. This difference in density allows for more practical and sensitive pressure measurements in devices like manometers.
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