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Vestigial structures and homologous structures are key evidences for evolution in biology, showcasing changes in organisms over time.
Vestigial structures are considered evidence for evolution as they are structures in organisms that have no apparent function, indicating a past form or function that has since changed. These structures, such as wings on flightless birds and hind leg bones in whales, are remnants from past common ancestors.
In biology, homologous structures share the same basic form, indicating descent from a common ancestor. For example, the bones in the appendages of humans, dogs, birds, and whales all share the same overarching construction.
Vestigial structures, like the human tailbone and whale pelvis, are genetically determined structures that have lost most or all of their ancestral function, showcasing evolutionary reduction or loss of unneeded structures.
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