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Sagot :
To classify the given oxides as acidic, basic, amphoteric, or neutral, we need to understand the behavior of each oxide when it reacts with water, acids, or bases.
Here's a detailed classification:
a) [tex]\( K_2O \)[/tex] (Potassium oxide)
- Classification: Basic oxide
- Reason: Potassium oxide reacts with water to form potassium hydroxide, which is a strong base.
b) [tex]\( CO \)[/tex] (Carbon monoxide)
- Classification: Neutral oxide
- Reason: Carbon monoxide does not react with water to form an acid or an alkali, and it does not react with either acids or bases.
c) [tex]\( SO_2 \)[/tex] (Sulfur dioxide)
- Classification: Acidic oxide
- Reason: Sulfur dioxide reacts with water to form sulfurous acid, indicating its acidic nature.
d) [tex]\( Al_2O_3 \)[/tex] (Aluminum oxide)
- Classification: Amphoteric oxide
- Reason: Aluminum oxide reacts with both acids and bases, displaying both acidic and basic properties.
e) [tex]\( CaO \)[/tex] (Calcium oxide)
- Classification: Basic oxide
- Reason: Calcium oxide reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide, which is a strong base.
f) [tex]\( NO_2 \)[/tex] (Nitrogen dioxide)
- Classification: Acidic oxide
- Reason: Nitrogen dioxide reacts with water to form a mixture of nitrous acid and nitric acid, demonstrating its acidic nature.
g) [tex]\( MgO \)[/tex] (Magnesium oxide)
- Classification: Basic oxide
- Reason: Magnesium oxide reacts with water to form magnesium hydroxide, which is a base.
h) [tex]\( NO \)[/tex] (Nitric oxide)
- Classification: Neutral oxide
- Reason: Nitric oxide does not react significantly with water, acids, or bases, indicating it is neutral.
i) [tex]\( CaO_2 \)[/tex] (Calcium peroxide)
- Classification: Basic oxide
- Reason: Calcium peroxide reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide, indicating basic properties.
j) [tex]\( PbO \)[/tex] (Lead(II) oxide)
- Classification: Amphoteric oxide
- Reason: Lead(II) oxide reacts with both acids and bases, indicating amphoteric behavior.
k) [tex]\( Li_2O \)[/tex] (Lithium oxide)
- Classification: Basic oxide
- Reason: Lithium oxide reacts with water to form lithium hydroxide, which is a strong base.
l) [tex]\( InO \)[/tex] (Indium(I) oxide)
- Classification: Amphoteric oxide
- Reason: Indium(I) oxide shows amphoteric behavior as it can react with both acids and bases.
m) [tex]\( BaO_2 \)[/tex] (Barium peroxide)
- Classification: Basic oxide
- Reason: Barium peroxide reacts with water to form barium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide, indicating basic properties.
n) [tex]\( Na_2O_2 \)[/tex] (Sodium peroxide)
- Classification: Basic oxide
- Reason: Sodium peroxide reacts with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide, indicating basic properties.
o) [tex]\( P_4O_{10} \)[/tex] (Phosphorus pentoxide)
- Classification: Acidic oxide
- Reason: Phosphorus pentoxide reacts with water to form phosphoric acid, indicating its acidic nature.
By reviewing the behaviors of these oxides, we have classified each one accordingly based on their properties.
Here's a detailed classification:
a) [tex]\( K_2O \)[/tex] (Potassium oxide)
- Classification: Basic oxide
- Reason: Potassium oxide reacts with water to form potassium hydroxide, which is a strong base.
b) [tex]\( CO \)[/tex] (Carbon monoxide)
- Classification: Neutral oxide
- Reason: Carbon monoxide does not react with water to form an acid or an alkali, and it does not react with either acids or bases.
c) [tex]\( SO_2 \)[/tex] (Sulfur dioxide)
- Classification: Acidic oxide
- Reason: Sulfur dioxide reacts with water to form sulfurous acid, indicating its acidic nature.
d) [tex]\( Al_2O_3 \)[/tex] (Aluminum oxide)
- Classification: Amphoteric oxide
- Reason: Aluminum oxide reacts with both acids and bases, displaying both acidic and basic properties.
e) [tex]\( CaO \)[/tex] (Calcium oxide)
- Classification: Basic oxide
- Reason: Calcium oxide reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide, which is a strong base.
f) [tex]\( NO_2 \)[/tex] (Nitrogen dioxide)
- Classification: Acidic oxide
- Reason: Nitrogen dioxide reacts with water to form a mixture of nitrous acid and nitric acid, demonstrating its acidic nature.
g) [tex]\( MgO \)[/tex] (Magnesium oxide)
- Classification: Basic oxide
- Reason: Magnesium oxide reacts with water to form magnesium hydroxide, which is a base.
h) [tex]\( NO \)[/tex] (Nitric oxide)
- Classification: Neutral oxide
- Reason: Nitric oxide does not react significantly with water, acids, or bases, indicating it is neutral.
i) [tex]\( CaO_2 \)[/tex] (Calcium peroxide)
- Classification: Basic oxide
- Reason: Calcium peroxide reacts with water to form calcium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide, indicating basic properties.
j) [tex]\( PbO \)[/tex] (Lead(II) oxide)
- Classification: Amphoteric oxide
- Reason: Lead(II) oxide reacts with both acids and bases, indicating amphoteric behavior.
k) [tex]\( Li_2O \)[/tex] (Lithium oxide)
- Classification: Basic oxide
- Reason: Lithium oxide reacts with water to form lithium hydroxide, which is a strong base.
l) [tex]\( InO \)[/tex] (Indium(I) oxide)
- Classification: Amphoteric oxide
- Reason: Indium(I) oxide shows amphoteric behavior as it can react with both acids and bases.
m) [tex]\( BaO_2 \)[/tex] (Barium peroxide)
- Classification: Basic oxide
- Reason: Barium peroxide reacts with water to form barium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide, indicating basic properties.
n) [tex]\( Na_2O_2 \)[/tex] (Sodium peroxide)
- Classification: Basic oxide
- Reason: Sodium peroxide reacts with water to form sodium hydroxide and hydrogen peroxide, indicating basic properties.
o) [tex]\( P_4O_{10} \)[/tex] (Phosphorus pentoxide)
- Classification: Acidic oxide
- Reason: Phosphorus pentoxide reacts with water to form phosphoric acid, indicating its acidic nature.
By reviewing the behaviors of these oxides, we have classified each one accordingly based on their properties.
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