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Sagot :
Sure, let's examine the replacement reaction between magnesium (Mg) and hydrochloric acid (HCl) step by step. The balanced chemical equation for this reaction is:
[tex]\[ \text{Mg} + 2 \text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{MgCl}_2 + \text{H}_2 \][/tex]
Here is the step-by-step breakdown:
1. Reactants: The reactants are magnesium (Mg) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). You start with 1 mole of magnesium and 2 moles of hydrochloric acid (since HCl appears twice in the equation).
2. Products: The products formed are magnesium chloride (MgCl2) and hydrogen gas (H2).
3. Balancing the Equation: For the reaction to satisfy the law of conservation of mass, the number of each type of atom on the reactants side must equal the number on the products side.
- Magnesium (Mg): 1 atom of Mg on the left side, resulting in 1 atom of Mg on the right side within [tex]\(\text{MgCl}_2\)[/tex].
- Hydrogen (H): 2 atoms of H from the 2 molecules of HCl on the left side of the equation, resulting in 2 atoms of H as part of H2 gas on the right side.
- Chlorine (Cl): 2 atoms of Cl from the 2 molecules of HCl on the left side, which are bonded to Mg forming [tex]\(\text{MgCl}_2\)[/tex] on the right side.
Given this properly balanced equation:
[tex]\[ \text{Mg} + 2 \text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{MgCl}_2 + \text{H}_2 \][/tex]
It shows that the products of the reaction are:
- Magnesium chloride ([tex]\(\text{MgCl}_2\)[/tex])
- Hydrogen gas ([tex]\(\text{H}_2\)[/tex])
Therefore, examining the given options:
1. [tex]\(\text{H}_2\)[/tex] (hydrogen gas)
2. [tex]\(\text{MgCl}_2\)[/tex] (magnesium chloride)
3. [tex]\(\text{Mg}_2\text{Cl}_2\)[/tex] - incorrect, as the correct formula for magnesium chloride is [tex]\(\text{MgCl}_2\)[/tex].
4. [tex]\(\text{Mg}_2\text{Cl}\)[/tex] - incorrect, as this is not a valid chemical compound.
5. [tex]\(\text{MgCl}\)[/tex] - incorrect, as magnesium forms a divalent bond resulting in [tex]\(\text{MgCl}_2\)[/tex].
From this thoroughly balanced and inspected reaction, we confirm that the additional products formed during the replacement reaction of magnesium and hydrochloric acid are:
- Magnesium chloride ([tex]\(\text{MgCl}_2\)[/tex])
- Hydrogen gas ([tex]\(\text{H}_2\)[/tex])
[tex]\[ \text{Mg} + 2 \text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{MgCl}_2 + \text{H}_2 \][/tex]
Here is the step-by-step breakdown:
1. Reactants: The reactants are magnesium (Mg) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). You start with 1 mole of magnesium and 2 moles of hydrochloric acid (since HCl appears twice in the equation).
2. Products: The products formed are magnesium chloride (MgCl2) and hydrogen gas (H2).
3. Balancing the Equation: For the reaction to satisfy the law of conservation of mass, the number of each type of atom on the reactants side must equal the number on the products side.
- Magnesium (Mg): 1 atom of Mg on the left side, resulting in 1 atom of Mg on the right side within [tex]\(\text{MgCl}_2\)[/tex].
- Hydrogen (H): 2 atoms of H from the 2 molecules of HCl on the left side of the equation, resulting in 2 atoms of H as part of H2 gas on the right side.
- Chlorine (Cl): 2 atoms of Cl from the 2 molecules of HCl on the left side, which are bonded to Mg forming [tex]\(\text{MgCl}_2\)[/tex] on the right side.
Given this properly balanced equation:
[tex]\[ \text{Mg} + 2 \text{HCl} \rightarrow \text{MgCl}_2 + \text{H}_2 \][/tex]
It shows that the products of the reaction are:
- Magnesium chloride ([tex]\(\text{MgCl}_2\)[/tex])
- Hydrogen gas ([tex]\(\text{H}_2\)[/tex])
Therefore, examining the given options:
1. [tex]\(\text{H}_2\)[/tex] (hydrogen gas)
2. [tex]\(\text{MgCl}_2\)[/tex] (magnesium chloride)
3. [tex]\(\text{Mg}_2\text{Cl}_2\)[/tex] - incorrect, as the correct formula for magnesium chloride is [tex]\(\text{MgCl}_2\)[/tex].
4. [tex]\(\text{Mg}_2\text{Cl}\)[/tex] - incorrect, as this is not a valid chemical compound.
5. [tex]\(\text{MgCl}\)[/tex] - incorrect, as magnesium forms a divalent bond resulting in [tex]\(\text{MgCl}_2\)[/tex].
From this thoroughly balanced and inspected reaction, we confirm that the additional products formed during the replacement reaction of magnesium and hydrochloric acid are:
- Magnesium chloride ([tex]\(\text{MgCl}_2\)[/tex])
- Hydrogen gas ([tex]\(\text{H}_2\)[/tex])
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