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Complete the following paragraph to describe functional groups.

a. (Click to select) are a special combination of atoms that are responsible for the chemical properties of an organic molecule.

b. The same functional group provides the same (Click to select) regardless of the size of the molecule.

c. Review the following examples. With the addition of a hydroxyl group to a hydrocarbon chain, the molecule is considered (Click to select) and readily dissolves in water.

d. With the addition of a (Click to select) group to a hydrocarbon chain, the molecule, such as ATP, is reactive in water.

e. With the addition of a nitrogen-based (Click to select) group and a carboxyl group to a central carbon, the molecule takes on the chemical characteristics of an amino acid.

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Final answer:

Functional groups are specific atom combinations that determine an organic molecule's properties, showing consistency across different molecules in reactions.


Explanation:

Functional groups are a special combination of atoms that are responsible for the chemical properties of an organic molecule. The same functional group provides the same chemical properties regardless of the size of the molecule. For example, adding a hydroxyl group to a hydrocarbon chain makes the molecule polar and water-soluble.


Learn more about functional groups in organic molecules here:

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