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Velocity and displacement are the two quantities that increases as the other decreases during simple harmonic motion.
If a body's velocity at any given moment is inversely proportional to its displacement from the mean position, its motion is said to be simple harmonic.
Angular harmonic frequency and time t are functions that can be used to explain simple harmonic motion:
Displacement from equilibrium has amplitude A:
x = Asin(ωt)
and velocity has amplitude ωA
v = dx/dt = ωAcos(ωt)
At ωt = 0, x = 0 while v = Aω (max).
At ωt = π/2, x = A (max) while v = 0.
As a result, v reaches it's maximum /2 (90°) before x does. Therefore, displacement follows velocity at a 90° angle.
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