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The characteristic of a phospholipid that contributes to the fluidity of the membrane is the unsaturation of lipids.
Phospholipid is the most common type of lipid present in the plasma membrane. It contains the phosphate group in its polar head. The phospholipids that are present in the membrane are: phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and sphingomyelin.
Unsaturation of lipids is the presence of double bonds in the fatty acid chain. One of the fatty acid chain is unsaturated while the other is saturated. This gives a kink in the lipid structure. This kink prevents the tight packing of the lipid in the plasma membrane, thereby contributing in its fluidity.
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