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Porosity and permeability in rocks and sediments determine water flow rates through the material and are critical factors in groundwater availability and movement.
Porosity is the description of how much open space exists in rock or sediment, while permeability relates to how easily water flows through these spaces. Larger pores in rocks allow water to flow more easily since there is less friction, whereas smaller pores result in more friction and twists for water to navigate through.
Well-connected pores in a permeable material facilitate water flow, whereas poorly connected pores in impermeable materials hinder water movement. This is crucial in groundwater systems as permeability determines how easily water can pass through geological materials such as rock or sediment.
Porosity and permeability impact the availability and movement of groundwater, with well-sorted sediments having higher porosity and better permeability compared to materials like shale, which have high porosity but low permeability.
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